Sousa: Hoops can still make play-offs
Man of the match Anderson de Silva scored the winner two minutes before half-time after Damien Delaney had earlier cancelled out Daniel Bogdanovic's opener.
Barnsley then went on to dominate the second half as De Silva and his midfield partners Hugo Colace and Andranik Teymourian ran QPR ragged, preventing the visitors from putting Heinz Muller's goal under any real danger.
QPR are now winless in five and Sousa, although disappointed with the result, praised his player's efforts and insisted his targets remain attainable this season.
"It's always disappointing when you want the three points but I'm glad because my players showed a lot of effort to win the game," the Portuguese boss said.
"I said when I first came here that my ambitions were to create a solid base for next season and we are still doing that.
"When you get very close to the play-offs obviously you start to the think about the play-offs, but if you look at the results today a lot of our immediate rivals also dropped points.
"When you see that Nottingham Forest win at Reading you can still believe it's possible